Species on this page ( A = names approved by most authorities, s = approved as synonyms) :
SYNONYM(S) : Spinacia domestica Borkh.
ARABIC : Isfanahk, Ispanahk, Sabanekh (Egypt).
CHINESE : 
Bo cai.
CROATIAN : Goli spinat.
DANISH : Spinat.
DUTCH : Spinazie.
ENGLISH : Spinach, Cultivated spinach.
FINNISH : Pinaatti.
FRENCH : Epinard, Épinard potager.
GERMAN : Spinat.
GREEK : Spanaki.
ITALIAN : Spinacio.
HEBREW : Tered, Tered hagina.
HINDI : 
Paalak, Pinni.
HUNGARIAN : Paraj, Spenót.
ITALIAN : Spinacio comune.
JAPANESE : 
Hourensou.
PERSIAN : Ispany.
KOREAN : 
Shi geum chi (Shi gum chi, Sigmchi).
NORWEGIAN : Spinat.
POLISH : Szpinak warzywny.
PORTUGUESE : Acelga, Espinaca, Espinafre, Espinafré, Espinafré de
Holanda.
RUSSIAN : 
Shpinat ogorodnyi.
SPANISH : Espinaca , Espinaca holandesa.
SWEDISH : Spenat.
URDU : 
Paalak.
Spinacia
oleracea L. var. inermis (Moench) Metzg.
SYNONYM(S) : Spinacia glabra Mill., Spinacia inermis Moench, Spinacia oleracea L. subsp. inermis (Moench) Celak.
CHINESE : 
Xia tian bo cai, 
Yuan zi bo cai.
ENGLISH : Round-seeded spinach, Smooth-seeded spinach..
FRENCH : Épinard à graines rondes, Épinard d'été, Épinard sans cornes.
GERMAN : Rundsamiger Spinat.
PORTUGUESE : Espinafre de Viroflay, Espinafré redondo.
SPANISH : Espinaca de hoja lisa, Espinaca de hoja rugosa.
Representative cultivars : 'Monstrous of Viroflay', 'Virginia Savoy'.
Spinacia
oleracea L. var. oleracea
SYNONYM(S) : Spinacia oleracea L. f. typica Beck, Spinacia oleracea L. subsp. spinosa (Moench) Celak. Spinacia oleracea L. var. spinosa Moench, Spinacia spinosa Moench, Spinacia tetranda Roxb., non Stev.
CHINESE : 
Dong tian bo cai, 
Yang bo cai.
ENGLISH : Prickly-seeded spinach, Spiny-seeded spinach, Winter spinach.
FRENCH : Épinard d'hiver, Épinard à graines cornues.
JAPANESE : 
Seiyou
hourensou.
NEPALESE : 
Gobre paalungo, 
Paalungo.
SPANISH : Espinaca holandesa.
Representative cultivar : 'Broad-leaved Prickly'.
Spinacia tetranda Stev.
ENGLISH : Armenian wild spinach, Wild spinach.
FRENCH : Épinard sauvage d'Arménie.
Spinacia turkestanica Iljin
ENGLISH : Wild spinach.
FRENCH : Épinard sauvage, Épinard sauvage du Turkestan.
EURODICAUTOM, On-line Technical Dictionary in 12 languages provided by the European Commission < http://eurodic.echo.lu/cgi-bin/edicbin/EuroDicWWW.pl?page=expert >.
IPK Gatersleben, 2002, Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops.
Mabberley D.J. 1997, The Plant-Book : a Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants, 2d Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Available: www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxdump.pl?Spinacia (14 November 2003).
Wang Zongxun et al. 1996, A New Latin, Chinese, English Botanical Nomenclature. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany. Aviation Industry Publisher, Beijing.
Wiersema J. H. & León B. 1999, World Economic Plants : a Standard Reference. CRC Press LLC.
Xie Zongwa & Yu Youqin (Editors), 1996, Materia Medica, Chinese Terminology, Vol. 1, Renminweisheng Publishing House Beijing, China. (Latin with authority names and Chinese-simplified, text in Chinese).
Contributors to this page (Personal communication) : In progress.
Date created: 01 / 02 / 2003
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Last modified: 28 / 11 / 2005
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